Process instruments consist of two main components: a sensor and a transmitter. The sensor is sometimes part of the instrument assembly, as with some pressure instruments, but is more often separate, ...

The pH of the culture medium is a critical process parameter in cell culture bioprocesses. To successfully transfer processes between bioprocess systems and sites (i.e., in the course of process ...

(Nanowerk Spotlight) Inside a wound, a complex chemical battle unfolds. As healing progresses, the wound environment shifts between acidic and basic states, each change signaling different stages of ...